All Problems

Kinetic theory of gases. Boltzmanns Law and Maxwell distribution

Problem 2.103

When examining the suspended gamboge droplets under a microscope, their average numbers in the layers separated by the distance \(h=40 \mu \mathrm{m}\) were found to differ by \(\eta=2.0\) times. The environmental temperature is equal to \(T=290 \mathrm{~K}\). The diameter of the droplets is \(d=0.40 \mu \mathrm{m},\) and their density exceeds that of the surrounding fluid by \(\Delta \rho=0.20 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\). Find Avogadro's number from these data.

Reveal Answer
NA=(6RT/πd3Δρgh)lnη6.41023 mol1N_{A}=\left(6 R T / \pi d^{3} \Delta \rho g h\right) \ln \eta \approx 6.4 \cdot 10^{23} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}